Oculus: Socratistus, wait! Allow me to walk
with you. I wish to speak with you.
Socratistus: Hello, Oculus. On what subject
in particular did you wish to speak?
Oculus: A philosophical subject, Socratistus.
Advocus and I were just today having lunch. At a nearby table, there
was a mother and her misbehaving child. The child was playing with
his food and his mother told him to behave because God was watching him.
Soc: And you wish to discuss the morality of playing
with one's food? I personally think that a meal should be entertaining
as well as nutritious. Whenever I eat toast, I like to-
Oculus: Actually, Socratistus, that is not the
matter I wish to discuss. If I may continue. . .
Soc: I am sorry to interrupt, Oculus. By
all means, continue with your story.
Oculus: Thank you, Socratistus. I thought
nothing of the mother's remark, until Advocus said to me, "I think it is
a shame how people lie to their children." "Lie? How is it
a lie?" I asked, "God sees all things both immense and minuscule.
Surely he even sees that child playing with his food." Upon further
discussion, I found that what Advocus meant was that God has no sense perception
at all. When I inquired as to the source of this belief, he said
that a prior conversation with you had led him to this contention.
That is why I wanted to speak with you.
Soc: I see now: You wish to discover why
I hold that God is unable to have sense experiences.
Oculus: That is precisely what I want to know,
Socratistus. Now tell me, how is it that such a powerful being as
God could lack the ability to sense- an ability that even his lowliest
creatures possess to a certain degree? Surely God is omnipotent,
thus he can do anything he pleases. He is also omniscient, therefore
he senses all things. By saying that he lacks the ability to have
sense experiences, you seem to be robbing him of his omniscience, which
is a necessary part of his essence.
Soc: Tell me this, Oculus, does God know all things?
By this I mean, are all things in the universe known to the mind of God?
Oculus: Of course.
Soc: Then does God know of that tree?
Oculus: Yes, most certainly.
Soc: And was there ever a time when God did not
know of that tree?
Oculus: Yes.
Soc: Explain this.
Oculus: A tree is finite; it's existence has a
beginning and an end. There was a time before that tree was created
by God. God could not have had knowledge of that tree at that time
because one cannot have knowledge of something that is non-existent.
Soc: But does God know not only all things of the
present but all things of the past and future as well? If he is omniscient,
certainly this is the case.
Oculus: Yes, I believe so. So you are saying
that God would know of the tree before there was a tree there because God
knows not only all that is, but all that will be?
Soc: Yes, and if God always knew of the tree, he
could not have come by this knowledge through sense experience because
sense experience implies that at some point God acquired knowledge of the
tree.
Oculus: Your argument does seem to have logic and
I do agree that God has knowledge of all things past, present and future.
However, I still believe that in addition to knowing all of these things,
he can also sense them. God is perfect and can do all things, certainly
he must be able to sense.
Soc: I agree that it is part of God's nature that
he is perfect, but being perfect does not mean being able to do everything.
We humans have been given the ability to sense by God because we do not
know all things and must acquire knowledge through experience. God
does not need to experience things because he is the source of everything.
Oculus: Your points seem valid, but I still am
not convinced. I cannot believe God to be incapable of experiencing
sense perceptions.
Soc: Consider this, then: If God has sensory
experiences, as you contend that he does, then from where do these experiences
originate? Is there something beyond God that can imprint sensory
impressions on the mind of God?
Oculus: Of course not. I have already agreed
that God knows all there is to know and that there can be nothing new to
him, but I still hold that he can have sense experiences.
Soc: If God knows all things, then he does not
need sense experiences. If something is unnecessary for God to have,
then we should not include it in our idea of God. God is a perfect
being and would not have superfluous qualities.
Oculus: Could not you also apply this same argument
to the very existence of God? If you should not incorporate anything
into your philosophy that is not necessary, then wouldn't God himself seem
unnecessary in this same light?
Soc: But, Oculus, we are not arguing the existence
of God, but rather his nature. Are you attempting to confuse me by
changing the subject?
Oculus: Certainly not, Socratistus! I was
simply pointing out a flaw in your claim of necessity. But if it
this causes our discourse to become confused, I shall attack your contention
from a different angle: Does it not say in the Bible that God has
sense experiences? Are there not many places in the Bible in which
it states that God sees his creation and hears his people's prayers?
Soc: You take the Bible too literally, Oculus.
Human beings are only capable of having a minimal understanding of God.
God is represented in the Bible as "seeing" and "hearing" metaphorically.
If God actually had sense experiences in the same way that we do, then
he would have to have sense organs. Now, are you saying that God
has physical eyes? A nose? Where about in the universe can
God's ears be found?
Oculus: I do not contend that God has a physical
pair of ears. Nor do I believe him to have human eyes or a nose or
corporeal fingers with which to touch. The way God experiences things
is very different than the way mankind does, but he still does experience
things.
Soc: How do you mean he experiences things differently?
Oculus: I don't know. You yourself said that
human beings are incapable of having but a minimal understanding of God's
nature. I am no more than a human being, Socratistus.
Soc: So then, you are arguing in favor of something
you cannot define? In this way, I could argue that God has a Restandospiel.
Oculus: What is a Restandospiel?
Soc: I don't know what a Restandospiel is.
I am only a human being and Restandospiels are beyond the comprehension
of man. I do, however, contend that God has one. Do you find
my argument ridiculous, Oculus?
Oculus: If you are going to mock me, perhaps I
should go. I wish to have a serious discussion, not listen to your
sarcastic jests.
Soc: Perhaps I am a bit sarcastic, but I am making
a valid point. If you are not going to define what you think of as
sense experience, then how can I be expected to discuss it with you?
I think of sense experience in terms of hearing, seeing, touch, taste and
smell. If your idea of sense experience is completely different from
this, then define it otherwise I cannot understand what you say.
Oculus: I suppose my idea of sense experience is
not different from yours. I imagine God as being able to see and
hear and feel and taste and smell as a human does.
Soc: Do you not see that this is unnecessary since
God already knows all and does not need to experience or learn?
Oculus: I admit, that does seem logical and I cannot
think of any specific way in which to oppose your view. . . Wait!
If this is true and God knows everything that will happen, what does that
say about the concept of free will? If God knows everything that
I am going to do for the rest of my life, can it be said that I have free
will?
Soc: It is true that because God knows everything,
he knows the outcome of every decision you shall ever make. This
does not, however, mean that the decisions aren't made by you. It
simply means that God knows what you are going to choose. Do you
understand or shall I try to make myself clearer?
Oculus: I think I understand you, Socratistus,
but I am rather confused by our discourse. I should like to think
about what we have said today and see if I can find a way to more clearly
express what I mean to say and more clearly understand your arguments.
Shall we meet again tomorrow?
Soc: That is an excellent idea. I shall meet
you tomorrow afternoon where we met today and we shall take another walk.
Oculus: Tomorrow then. Good-bye, Socratistus.
Soc: Good day, Oculus.
Advocus: That was brilliant, Socrasticus!
Soc: Did you hear our entire conversation?
Adv: I heard most of it, and I was quite impressed.
I was most amazed by the way you refrained from laughter throughout the
whole discourse. I was so amused, I almost revealed my hiding place.
Soc: Did you enjoy the jest about the Restandospiel?
Adv: Yes! How did you come up with that?
Soc: Divine inspiration, I suppose. Now I
believe we had a wager.
Adv: Yes, and here are your winnings. Money
well spent, indeed!